Actividad enzimática en suelos cercanos al complejo industrial “José Antonio Anzoátegui” (CIJAA) estado Anzoátegui Recibido: 27 de octubre del 2022 - Aceptado: 16 de enero del 2023
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Se evaluaron las propiedades biológicas (respiración edáfica (RE) y actividad enzimática (AE)) de los suelos de bosques secos tropicales circundantes al Complejo Industrial, “José Antonio Anzoátegui” (CIJAA), Venezuela. Se establecieron tres sitios de estudio en función de la distancia a CIJAA: Cura (a 40 km-CIJAA), Fortuna (a 9 km-CIJAA) y Coque (a 1,3 km-CIJAA). Se colectaron 27 muestras de suelo/sitio. Se obtuvo que tanto RE como AE aumentaron con la distancia al complejo, siguiendo este orden: Cura > Fortuna > Coque. Estos resultados sugieren que la cercanía al complejo podría estar influenciando negativamente tanto RE como AE, en vista de que se registraron valores de mg de C-CO2 /100 g de suelo/día < 100 en Coque, ~ 150 en Fortuna y > 250 en Cura. La mayor AE se obtuvo para la fosfatasa ácida en Cura (450 µg (p-NF) g-1 h-1) y la menor para la deshidrogenasa en Coque (17 µg (TPF) g-1 24h-1). Esta tendencia se observó en el resto de las enzimas. Las emisiones del CIJAA a la atmósfera y su consecuente deposición sobre los bosques podrían afectar negativamente a los microorganismos del suelo y a las propiedades biológicas de los mismos.
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