Generalidades y oportunidades de desarrollo en el proceso de producción de alimento concentrado para caballos.
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La industria equina genera gran impacto económico en el mundo. Frente a una creciente demanda, se presentan retos para la industria de alimento animal que contemplan el uso eficiente de recursos, economía circular y disminución del impacto ambiental, mejorando el valor nutricional y la absorción de nutrientes. Este escenario presenta oportunidades para innovar con desarrollo de nuevos productos. El análisis llevado a cabo permitió identificar que en el período desde 1976 a 2001, el 14 % de las invenciones internacionales, se refieren a alimento reforzado con minerales, un 9 % clasifica como alimento animal de origen vegetal, 9 % alimento animal proveniente de desechos de origen vegetal, 5 % alimentos con aditivos de alto contenido en grasa y 22 % de la categoría “otros”. Uno de los métodos de procesamiento más ventajosos de alimento para caballos es la extrusión, la cual permite mayor aprovechamiento de nutrientes y mayor inocuidad. En el marco de puntos críticos de control se encontró que la literatura identifica a la salmonella, esporas fungales, monersino de sodio, micotoxinas y morfina como fuentes de riesgo que afectan la calidad del producto y en el artículo, se identifican las acciones más básicas para controlar, mitigar y prevenir los mismos.
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